{"id":3485,"date":"2026-11-01T08:00:00","date_gmt":"2026-11-01T00:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.ygcloud.com\/knowledge\/?p=3485"},"modified":"2026-10-29T11:48:18","modified_gmt":"2026-10-29T03:48:18","slug":"grafana-prometheus-server-monitoring","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.ygcloud.com\/knowledge\/3485\/","title":{"rendered":"Grafana + Prometheus \u76d1\u63a7\u4e91\u670d\u52a1\u5668\uff1a\u544a\u8b66\u914d\u7f6e\u5b9e\u6218"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>\u5148\u8bf4\u7ed3\u8bba\uff1a\u4e91\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u76d1\u63a7\u7684\u6700\u5c0f\u53ef\u7528\u7ec4\u5408\u662f node_exporter + Prometheus + Grafana + Alertmanager\u3002node_exporter \u91c7\u96c6\uff0cPrometheus \u5b58\u50a8\u548c\u544a\u8b66\uff0cGrafana \u5c55\u793a\uff0cAlertmanager \u8d1f\u8d23\u901a\u77e5\u548c\u5206\u7ec4\u3002\u5c0f\u56e2\u961f\u4e00\u53f0 2 \u6838 4G \u5c31\u80fd\u8dd1\uff0c\u4f46\u76d1\u63a7\u6570\u636e\u4f1a\u5360\u78c1\u76d8\uff0c\u4fdd\u7559\u65f6\u95f4\u8981\u8bbe\u4e0a\u9650\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5148\u770b\u67b6\u6784\uff1a<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>node_exporter<\/strong>\uff1a\u8dd1\u5728\u6bcf\u53f0\u88ab\u76d1\u63a7\u673a\u5668\u4e0a\uff0c\u66b4\u9732 CPU\u3001\u5185\u5b58\u3001\u78c1\u76d8\u3001\u7f51\u7edc\u6307\u6807<\/li>\n<li><strong>Prometheus<\/strong>\uff1a\u5b9a\u65f6\u62c9\u53d6\u6307\u6807\uff0c\u5b58\u65f6\u95f4\u5e8f\u5217\uff0c\u6309\u89c4\u5219\u544a\u8b66<\/li>\n<li><strong>Grafana<\/strong>\uff1a\u67e5\u8be2 Prometheus\uff0c\u753b\u9762\u677f\u548c\u56fe\u8868<\/li>\n<li><strong>Alertmanager<\/strong>\uff1a\u63a5\u6536\u544a\u8b66\uff0c\u53bb\u91cd\u3001\u5206\u7ec4\u3001\u9759\u9ed8\u3001\u8def\u7531\u5230\u90ae\u4ef6\/\u9489\u9489\/\u98de\u4e66<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2 id=\"\u90e8\u7f72\u65b9\u5f0f\">\u90e8\u7f72\u65b9\u5f0f<\/h2>\n<p>\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528 Docker Compose \u4e00\u6b21\u62c9\u8d77\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u5206\u5f00\u88c5\u3002\u76d1\u63a7\u673a\u5efa\u8bae\u72ec\u7acb\uff0c\u522b\u548c\u88ab\u76d1\u63a7\u4e1a\u52a1\u62a2\u8d44\u6e90\uff1b\u5c0f\u89c4\u6a21\u53ef\u4ee5\u548c\u4e1a\u52a1\u540c\u673a\uff0c\u4f46\u8981\u9650\u5236 Prometheus \u5185\u5b58\u548c\u4fdd\u7559\u65f6\u95f4\u3002<\/p>\n<pre><code>services:\n  prometheus:\n    image: prom\/prometheus\n    volumes:\n      - .\/prometheus.yml:\/etc\/prometheus\/prometheus.yml\n      - prom-data:\/prometheus\n    ports: [\"9090:9090\"]\n  grafana:\n    image: grafana\/grafana\n    volumes: [grafana-data:\/var\/lib\/grafana]\n    ports: [\"3000:3000\"]\n  node-exporter:\n    image: prom\/node-exporter\n    ports: [\"9100:9100\"]\nvolumes:\n  prom-data:\n  grafana-data:<\/code><\/pre>\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img width=\"1280\" height=\"720\" src=\"https:\/\/www.ygcloud.com\/knowledge\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/9ed6d7e24a44e8c.jpg\" alt=\"node exporter\u3001Prometheus \u4e0e Grafana \u7ec4\u6210\u7684\u76d1\u63a7\u94fe\u8def\" class=\"wp-image-3482\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.ygcloud.com\/knowledge\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/9ed6d7e24a44e8c.jpg 1280w, https:\/\/www.ygcloud.com\/knowledge\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/9ed6d7e24a44e8c-300x169.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.ygcloud.com\/knowledge\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/9ed6d7e24a44e8c-1024x576.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/www.ygcloud.com\/knowledge\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/9ed6d7e24a44e8c-768x432.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1280px) 100vw, 1280px\" \/><figcaption>\u91c7\u96c6\u3001\u5b58\u50a8\u3001\u5c55\u793a\u3001\u901a\u77e5\uff0c\u56db\u5c42\u5404\u53f8\u5176\u804c\u3002<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<h2 id=\"prometheus-\u914d\u7f6e\">Prometheus \u914d\u7f6e<\/h2>\n<pre><code>global:\n  scrape_interval: 15s\n  evaluation_interval: 15s\n\nscrape_configs:\n  - job_name: node\n    static_configs:\n      - targets: ['node-exporter:9100']\n  - job_name: app\n    static_configs:\n      - targets: ['app:8080']<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u88ab\u76d1\u63a7\u673a\u5668\u591a\u65f6\uff0c\u7528\u6587\u4ef6\u670d\u52a1\u53d1\u73b0\u6216\u5404\u81ea\u8dd1 node_exporter\uff0cPrometheus \u7edf\u4e00\u62c9\u53d6\u3002\u8de8\u516c\u7f51\u62c9\u53d6\u8981\u52a0 TLS \u548c\u9274\u6743\uff0c\u522b\u628a 9090 \u66b4\u9732\u516c\u7f51\u3002<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"\u770b\u54ea\u4e9b\u6307\u6807\">\u770b\u54ea\u4e9b\u6307\u6807<\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>CPU<\/strong>\uff1a\u4f7f\u7528\u7387\u3001iowait\u3001steal<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u5185\u5b58<\/strong>\uff1aavailable\u3001swap\u3001OOM<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u78c1\u76d8<\/strong>\uff1a\u4f7f\u7528\u7387\u3001inode\u3001await\u3001IOPS<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u7f51\u7edc<\/strong>\uff1a\u5e26\u5bbd\u3001\u4e22\u5305\u3001\u91cd\u4f20<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u7cfb\u7edf<\/strong>\uff1aload\u3001\u6587\u4ef6\u63cf\u8ff0\u7b26\u3001\u8fdb\u7a0b\u6570<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u5e94\u7528<\/strong>\uff1aQPS\u3001\u9519\u8bef\u7387\u3001\u5ef6\u8fdf\u3001\u961f\u5217\u957f\u5ea6<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u6307\u6807\u4e0d\u5728\u591a\uff0c\u5173\u952e\u662f\u80fd\u5bf9\u5e94\u5230\u4e1a\u52a1\u3002CPU \u9ad8\u4e0d\u4e00\u5b9a\u5f71\u54cd\u7528\u6237\uff0c\u9519\u8bef\u7387\u548c\u5ef6\u8fdf\u5347\u9ad8\u624d\u662f\u3002<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"\u544a\u8b66\u89c4\u5219\">\u544a\u8b66\u89c4\u5219<\/h2>\n<pre><code>groups:\n  - name: server\n    rules:\n      - alert: HighCPU\n        expr: 100 - avg by(instance)(rate(node_cpu_seconds_total&#123;mode=\"idle\"&#125;[5m])) * 100 &gt; 85\n        for: 10m\n        labels: {severity: warning}\n        annotations: {summary: \"CPU \u6301\u7eed\u9ad8\u4e8e 85%\"}\n      - alert: DiskFull\n        expr: (node_filesystem_avail_bytes \/ node_filesystem_size_bytes) * 100 &lt; 15\n        for: 10m\n        labels: {severity: critical}\n      - alert: TargetDown\n        expr: up == 0\n        for: 2m\n        labels: {severity: critical}<\/code><\/pre>\n<p><code>for<\/code> \u5f88\u91cd\u8981\uff0c\u907f\u514d\u77ac\u65f6\u6296\u52a8\u5237\u544a\u8b66\uff1b\u9608\u503c\u6309\u4e1a\u52a1\u57fa\u7ebf\u8c03\uff0c\u522b\u7167\u6284\u3002<\/p>\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img width=\"1280\" height=\"720\" src=\"https:\/\/www.ygcloud.com\/knowledge\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/47ce2b3d29533e8.jpg\" alt=\"\u544a\u8b66\u89c4\u5219\u4e0e\u901a\u77e5\u8def\u7531\u5230\u624b\u673a\u548c\u90ae\u4ef6\" class=\"wp-image-3483\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.ygcloud.com\/knowledge\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/47ce2b3d29533e8.jpg 1280w, https:\/\/www.ygcloud.com\/knowledge\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/47ce2b3d29533e8-300x169.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.ygcloud.com\/knowledge\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/47ce2b3d29533e8-1024x576.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/www.ygcloud.com\/knowledge\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/47ce2b3d29533e8-768x432.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1280px) 100vw, 1280px\" \/><figcaption>\u544a\u8b66\u8981\u6709 for\u3001\u5206\u7ea7\u548c\u660e\u786e\u63a5\u6536\u4eba\u3002<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<h2 id=\"\u901a\u77e5\u600e\u4e48\u914d\">\u901a\u77e5\u600e\u4e48\u914d<\/h2>\n<p>Alertmanager \u8d1f\u8d23\u5206\u7ec4\u3001\u6291\u5236\u3001\u9759\u9ed8\u548c\u8def\u7531\u3002\u6309 severity \u5206\u5230\u4e0d\u540c\u6e20\u9053\uff1acritical \u6253\u7535\u8bdd\/\u9489\u9489\uff0cwarning \u53d1\u7fa4\uff0cinfo \u53ea\u8bb0\u5f55\u3002\u914d\u7f6e <code>group_wait<\/code>\u3001<code>group_interval<\/code>\u3001<code>repeat_interval<\/code>\uff0c\u907f\u514d\u534a\u591c\u88ab\u540c\u4e00\u544a\u8b66\u5237\u5c4f\u3002<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"grafana-\u9762\u677f\">Grafana \u9762\u677f<\/h2>\n<p>\u5148\u5bfc\u5165 Node Exporter Full \u6a21\u677f\uff0c\u518d\u6309\u4e1a\u52a1\u52a0\u5e94\u7528\u9762\u677f\u3002\u9762\u677f\u5206\u4e09\u5c42\uff1a\u603b\u89c8\uff08\u7ea2\u7eff\u706f\uff09\u3001\u8d44\u6e90\uff08CPU\/\u5185\u5b58\/\u78c1\u76d8\/\u7f51\u7edc\uff09\u3001\u4e1a\u52a1\uff08QPS\/\u9519\u8bef\u7387\/\u5ef6\u8fdf\uff09\u3002\u6bcf\u5757\u9762\u677f\u90fd\u8981\u80fd\u56de\u7b54\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u4e0d\u662f\u4e3a\u4e86\u597d\u770b\u3002<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"\u5b58\u50a8\u548c\u4fdd\u7559\">\u5b58\u50a8\u548c\u4fdd\u7559<\/h2>\n<p>Prometheus \u672c\u5730\u5b58\u50a8\u6309\u65f6\u95f4\u4fdd\u7559\uff0c\u9ed8\u8ba4 15 \u5929\uff0c\u6570\u636e\u91cf\u5927\u65f6\u78c1\u76d8\u6da8\u5f97\u5feb\u3002\u8bbe\u7f6e <code>--storage.tsdb.retention.time=15d<\/code> \u6216\u5bb9\u91cf\u4e0a\u9650\uff1b\u957f\u671f\u5b58\u50a8\u63a5 Thanos\/VictoriaMetrics\uff0c\u5c0f\u56e2\u961f\u5148\u522b\u4e0a\u3002<\/p>\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img width=\"1280\" height=\"720\" src=\"https:\/\/www.ygcloud.com\/knowledge\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/192236707db98bb.jpg\" alt=\"\u65f6\u95f4\u5e8f\u5217\u5b58\u50a8\u4fdd\u7559\u7b56\u7565\u4e0e\u9762\u677f\" class=\"wp-image-3484\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.ygcloud.com\/knowledge\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/192236707db98bb.jpg 1280w, https:\/\/www.ygcloud.com\/knowledge\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/192236707db98bb-300x169.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.ygcloud.com\/knowledge\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/192236707db98bb-1024x576.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/www.ygcloud.com\/knowledge\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/192236707db98bb-768x432.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1280px) 100vw, 1280px\" \/><figcaption>\u4fdd\u7559\u65f6\u95f4\u592a\u957f\u4f1a\u5403\u6ee1\u78c1\u76d8\uff0c\u6309\u6392\u969c\u9700\u6c42\u8bbe\u4e0a\u9650\u3002<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<h2 id=\"\u5b89\u5168\">\u5b89\u5168<\/h2>\n<p>Prometheus\u3001Grafana\u3001node_exporter \u90fd\u4e0d\u8981\u76f4\u63a5\u66b4\u9732\u516c\u7f51\u3002Grafana \u6539\u9ed8\u8ba4\u5bc6\u7801\u3001\u5f00 HTTPS\u3001\u9650\u5236\u6765\u6e90\uff1bnode_exporter \u53ea\u8ba9 Prometheus \u8bbf\u95ee\uff1bAlertmanager \u7684 webhook \u4e5f\u8981\u9274\u6743\u3002<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"\u5e38\u89c1\u5751\">\u5e38\u89c1\u5751<\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li>\u76d1\u63a7\u548c\u88ab\u76d1\u63a7\u4e1a\u52a1\u540c\u673a\uff0c\u6545\u969c\u4e00\u8d77\u6302<\/li>\n<li>\u4fdd\u7559\u65f6\u95f4\u592a\u957f\uff0c\u78c1\u76d8\u5148\u6ee1<\/li>\n<li>\u544a\u8b66\u6ca1\u6709 for\uff0c\u6296\u52a8\u5237\u5c4f<\/li>\n<li>\u53ea\u76d1\u63a7 CPU\uff0c\u4e0d\u76d1\u63a7\u78c1\u76d8\u548c\u8bc1\u4e66<\/li>\n<li>Grafana \u9ed8\u8ba4\u5bc6\u7801\u4e0d\u6539\uff0c\u88ab\u626b\u5230<\/li>\n<li>\u544a\u8b66\u53d1\u5230\u6ca1\u4eba\u770b\u7684\u7fa4<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2 id=\"\u5e38\u89c1\u95ee\u9898-faq\">\u5e38\u89c1\u95ee\u9898 FAQ<\/h2>\n<p><strong>Q1\uff1a2 \u6838 4G \u80fd\u8dd1 Prometheus + Grafana \u5417\uff1f<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u80fd\uff0c\u76d1\u63a7\u5341\u51e0\u53f0\u673a\u5668\u6ca1\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u6ce8\u610f\u4fdd\u7559\u65f6\u95f4\u548c\u78c1\u76d8\uff0c\u6570\u636e\u91cf\u5927\u4e86\u52a0\u5185\u5b58\u6216\u6362\u8fdc\u7aef\u5b58\u50a8\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>Q2\uff1anode_exporter \u8981\u6bcf\u53f0\u90fd\u88c5\u5417\uff1f<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u8981\uff0c\u5b83\u91c7\u96c6\u4e3b\u673a\u6307\u6807\u3002\u5e94\u7528\u6307\u6807\u7528\u5404\u81ea\u7684 exporter \u6216\u57cb\u70b9\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>Q3\uff1a\u544a\u8b66\u53d1\u5230\u54ea\u91cc\u597d\uff1f<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u6309\u56e2\u961f\u4e60\u60ef\uff1a\u9489\u9489\/\u98de\u4e66\/\u4f01\u4e1a\u5fae\u4fe1\/Slack\/\u90ae\u4ef6\u3002\u5173\u952e\u662f\u6709\u4eba\u54cd\u5e94\uff0c\u522b\u53ea\u53d1\u5230\u4e00\u4e2a\u6ca1\u4eba\u770b\u7684\u90ae\u7bb1\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>Q4\uff1aPrometheus \u548c Zabbix \u600e\u4e48\u9009\uff1f<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u4e91\u539f\u751f\u3001\u5bb9\u5668\u591a\u3001\u6307\u6807\u7ef4\u5ea6\u591a\uff0c\u9009 Prometheus\uff1b\u4f20\u7edf\u4e3b\u673a\u3001\u7f51\u7edc\u8bbe\u5907\u3001\u8981\u5f00\u7bb1\u5373\u7528\uff0cZabbix \u4e5f\u591f\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>Q5\uff1a\u76d1\u63a7\u6570\u636e\u8981\u4fdd\u7559\u591a\u4e45\uff1f<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u5c0f\u56e2\u961f 15 \u5230 30 \u5929\u591f\u6392\u969c\uff1b\u5408\u89c4\u6216\u8d8b\u52bf\u5206\u6790\u518d\u5ef6\u957f\uff0c\u5e76\u505a\u964d\u91c7\u6837\u6216\u8fdc\u7aef\u5b58\u50a8\u3002<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"\u603b\u7ed3\">\u603b\u7ed3<\/h2>\n<p>\u76d1\u63a7\u4e0d\u662f\u88c5\u4e2a Grafana \u5c31\u5b8c\u4e8b\uff1a\u91c7\u96c6\u3001\u5b58\u50a8\u3001\u544a\u8b66\u3001\u901a\u77e5\u3001\u9762\u677f\u3001\u4fdd\u7559\u7b56\u7565\u3001\u5b89\u5168\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e00\u73af\u90fd\u8981\u914d\u3002\u5148\u76d1\u63a7\u6838\u5fc3\u6307\u6807\uff0c\u518d\u9010\u6b65\u52a0\u5e94\u7528\u548c\u4e1a\u52a1\u6307\u6807\uff0c\u522b\u4e00\u5f00\u59cb\u94fa\u592a\u5927\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u9700\u8981\u4e00\u53f0\u72ec\u7acb\u76d1\u63a7\u673a\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u6309\u5c0f\u65f6\u5f00\u4e00\u53f0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.ygcloud.com\/vps\/hong-kong-cn2-vps\">\u8424\u5149\u4e91\u9999\u6e2f CN2 VPS<\/a>\uff0c\u628a Prometheus \u548c Grafana \u5148\u8dd1\u8d77\u6765\u3002<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"\u76f8\u5173\u63a8\u8350\">\u76f8\u5173\u63a8\u8350<\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.ygcloud.com\/knowledge\/3461\/\">\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u8d1f\u8f7d\u9ad8\u4f46 CPU \u4e0d\u9ad8\uff1fIO wait\u3001\u961f\u5217\u4e0e\u8fde\u63a5\u6570\u6392\u67e5<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.ygcloud.com\/knowledge\/3341\/\">\u4e91\u670d\u52a1\u5668 CPU 100% \u600e\u4e48\u6392\u67e5\uff1f\u4ece top \u5230\u6162\u67e5\u8be2\u7684\u987a\u5e8f<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.ygcloud.com\/knowledge\/3377\/\">\u4e91\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u78c1\u76d8 IO \u9ad8\u600e\u4e48\u6392\u67e5\uff1fiostat\u3001\u6162\u67e5\u8be2\u4e0e\u4e91\u76d8\u9650\u901f<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.ygcloud.com\/knowledge\/1380\/\">\u7ad9\u70b9\u76d1\u63a7\u600e\u4e48\u505a\uff1fHTTP\u3001\u5e94\u7528\u3001\u4e3b\u673a\u4e0e\u5907\u4efd\u76d1\u63a7<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.ygcloud.com\/knowledge\/888\/\">VPS \u5b89\u5168\u8bbe\u7f6e\u6307\u5357\uff1a\u65b0\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e0a\u7ebf\u524d\u7684 12 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